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Several Difficulties In Planting Long Staple Cotton In Xinjiang

2021/6/14 8:47:00 0

What Are The Difficulties In Planting Long Staple Cotton In Xinjiang?

In recent years, the planting area of long staple cotton in the three major cotton areas in southern Xinjiang is very unstable (mainly in Aksu region), and the total production of long staple cotton has declined from nearly 200000 tons to about 100000 tons (according to the sales volume of long staple cotton varieties in 2021, the planting area of long staple cotton in Xinjiang will decline by 20% - 30%), which is in sharp contrast with the new record high cotton output in 2020 / 21 in Xinjiang. Of course, the ICAC released the long staple cotton report that the global long staple cotton production in 2020 / 21 will be 327500 tons, which will decline for the third consecutive year. The planting area and output of China, the United States, Egypt, Israel and other major long staple cotton producing countries have declined.

What are the difficulties in stabilizing the planting area of long staple cotton in China

First, the available and expandable cotton planting area is very limited. Considering that long staple cotton has very high requirements for temperature, sunshine, heat and rainfall, only a few cotton areas in Awati county and Shaya, Bachu and Korla can be planted at present. In addition, the Awati cotton field needs crop rotation and so on, so the cotton planting area of long staple cotton is limited;

Second, the yield and quality of long staple cotton have not made progress in recent years. On the one hand, seed company research, breeding and promotion focus on fine cotton, long staple cotton is just a "sideline business"; On the other hand, there are many restrictions on the entry of long staple cotton varieties from other cotton companies in the mainland into Xinjiang; Therefore, how to improve the quality, grade and yield of long staple cotton is the key to stabilize the area of long staple cotton;

Third, it is difficult to realize mechanization from planting to harvesting of long staple cotton due to its high plant height, scattered cotton and peach, and non centralized planting. The physical and chemical cost and labor cost (especially in the harvesting process) of long staple cotton are significantly higher than those of fine cotton. Although the selling price of long staple cottonseed cotton is 1.5-2.2 yuan / kg higher than that of fine wool cotton in recent two years, the actual income of farmers is still lower than that of fine cotton due to low yield and large investment. The farmers in Akesu Keping County believed that only the purchase price difference of fine wool cotton and long staple cotton seed cotton was higher than 2.60 yuan / kg;

Fourth, cotton ginning plants have been greatly reduced, which is not conducive to farmers' harvesting and selling nearby. In recent years, with the wide spread of mechanized cotton planting in Xinjiang cotton area, most of the hand picked cotton rolling plants in the three major cotton areas in southern Xinjiang have been upgraded, focusing on the acquisition and processing of machine picked cotton, while long staple cotton is not suitable for mechanical processing considering the indexes of fiber length, breaking strength and color grade;

The fifth is the repeated impact of imports of American SJV Pima cotton and Egyptian Jiza cotton. According to the survey, Xinjiang long staple cotton in 2019 / 20 and 2020 / 21 was affected by weather, temperature, cotton species and other factors, the proportion of index 336 and below was high, while that of 237, 137 and above was low; In addition, due to the US government's import ban on Xinjiang cotton products and some international clothing brands "touching porcelain" Xinjiang cotton, the high-end textile and clothing orders exported to Europe, America and Japan had to use imported long staple cotton, and American SJV Pima cotton "took advantage of the weakness".